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Identity & Access Management

Authentication and authorization systems managing user access control

Fig. 197 · Key

The field

At a glance

Definition

Authentication and authorization systems managing user access control

Technologies

Multi-factor authentication (MFA) requires multiple verification methods. Passwordless authentication uses biometrics, passkeys, and hardware tokens. Privileged access management secures administrative accounts. Identity governance automates access reviews and certifications. Machine identity management handles certificates, API keys, and service accounts.

Applications

SSO enables employees to access all applications with one login. MFA prevents account takeover from stolen passwords. Privileged access management protects admin accounts. Customer identity provides secure, frictionless login for consumer applications. Machine identity manages service-to-service authentication.

Market and funding

The global IAM market exceeded $20 billion in 2025. Identity is the foundation of zero-trust security architecture adopted by most enterprises.

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