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Fusion Energy

Nuclear fusion technology for clean, abundant energy generation

Fig. 5 · The sun

The field

At a glance

Definition

Nuclear fusion technology for clean, abundant energy generation

Field at a glance

Fusion Energy organizations
176
Fusion Energy people
190
Upcoming Fusion Energy events
14
Fusion Energy programs and funding
41
Technologies

Tokamaks confine plasma in donut-shaped magnetic fields. High-temperature superconducting magnets enable smaller, more powerful tokamaks. Inertial confinement uses lasers or pulsed power to compress fuel. Field-reversed configurations trap plasma in compact magnetic structures. Stellarators use complex 3D magnetic fields for steady-state operation.

Applications

Fusion power plants would provide 24/7 carbon-free baseload electricity. Compact fusion reactors could power data centers, ships, and remote facilities. Fusion neutrons could produce medical isotopes and transmute nuclear waste. Fusion-powered desalination could address water scarcity.

Market and funding

Private fusion companies have attracted $6+ billion in cumulative investment. If commercially successful, fusion would address the $10+ trillion global energy market with virtually unlimited clean fuel.

Who is working on it, and who is paying for it

Organizations in the field

The labs, companies and funders doing the work, and the groups helping it along.

Research and public institutions 33

Columbia Fusion Research Center imageResearch Institute

Columbia Engineering center launched in April 2025 to accelerate fusion energy science and technology, building on Columbia's plasma physic…

Consorzio RFX imageResearch Institute

Padua fusion research consortium of CNR, ENEA, INFN, the University of Padova and Acciaierie Venete; operates RFX-mod2 and the ITER Neutral…

EUROfusion imageResearch Institute

Realising fusion energy

Show all 33 research and public institutions
IFE-STAR imageResearch Institute

U.S. inertial fusion energy research network linking DOE-funded hubs STARFIRE (LLNL), IFE RISE (Colorado State) and IFE COLoR (LLE Rocheste…

IFMIF-DONES España Consortium imageResearch Institute

Consortium developing IFMIF-DONES in Granada, Spain, an accelerator-driven neutron source for qualifying materials for fusion reactors.

Laboratory for Laser Energetics imageResearch Institute

LLE at the University of Rochester runs the OMEGA laser for inertial fusion and high energy density physics.

The Vanderbilt Fusion Project imageUniversity

Student-led fusion research team at Vanderbilt University that designed and built HELIOS Mk. 1, an inertial electrostatic confinement fusio…

UK Atomic Energy Authority imageGovernment Agency

UKAEA is the UK national fusion research body, operating the Culham Campus and fusion technology facilities.

US ITER Project Office imageGovernment Agency

Oak Ridge National Laboratory-hosted office that manages U.S. contributions to ITER, in partnership with PPPL and Savannah River National L…

ARPA-E imageGovernment Agency

ARPA-E is the DOE advanced energy research agency that has run fusion programs such as ALPHA, BETHE and GAMOW among many energy areas.

CIEMAT imageGovernment Agency

Spanish public research agency for energy, environment and technology; hosts Spain's Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion and the TJ-II stellarat…

ENEA imageGovernment Agency

Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development; runs a fusion department at Frascati and leads t…

Research Institute

Research arm of the ENN energy group in Langfang, China, developing spherical torus and proton-boron fusion concepts alongside other energy…

International Atomic Energy Agency imageGovernment Agency

The IAEA is the UN nuclear agency; it runs the Fusion Energy Conference and the World Fusion Energy Group among much broader work.

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory imageResearch Institute

LLNL is a US national security laboratory that operates the National Ignition Facility, where fusion ignition was first achieved in 2022.

Funders 3

Strong Atomics imageVenture Capital

San Francisco investment firm that invests exclusively in fusion startups, taking a portfolio approach across multiple fusion concepts.

Companies 94

Astral Systems imageStartup

UK company building compact multi-state fusion devices as neutron sources for irradiation, isotope production and fuel-cycle testing.

Show all 94 companies
Canyon Magnet Energy imageStartup

Stony Brook, New York developer and manufacturer of REBCO high-temperature superconducting magnets and cables, with fusion magnets as its c…

Startup

China Fusion Energy

China Fusion Energy Co. Ltd. is a state-owned company set up in Shanghai in July 2025 under China National Nuclear Corporation to lead fusi…

Daedal Systems imageStartup

Toronto company providing industrialized plasma diagnostics, such as Thomson scattering and spectroscopy, to fusion developers on full-serv…

Deutelio imageStartup

Deutelio is a Swiss fusion company developing the Polomac, a poloidal magnetic confinement configuration for deuterium-deuterium fusion, st…

Element 3 imageStartup

Supplier of specified premium lithium for fusion, measuring impurities and isotopic composition to meet fusion blanket requirements.

Fusion Fuel Cycles imageStartup

Joint venture of Kyoto Fusioneering and Canadian Nuclear Laboratories supplying fusion fuel cycle components, subsystems and integrated sys…

HHMAX-Energy imageStartup

HHMAX (Hanhai Energy) is a Chengdu fusion company founded in 2022 developing compact field-reversed configuration machines, starting with t…

Innoven Energy imageStartup

Innoven Energy develops laser-driven inertial confinement fusion based on a low-cost KrF excimer laser with pulse compression, plus fusion…

LINEA Innovations imageStartup

LINEA Innovations is a Tokyo fusion startup pursuing proton-boron (p-11B) advanced-fuel fusion with a device that combines a field-reversed…

MuWave imageStartup

UKAEA spin-out engineering high-power microwave transmission lines, sources and loads for fusion plasma heating and current drive.

nTtau Digital imageStartup

Fusion power plant design software company whose NuPlant platform automates whole-plant simulation, design and costing analysis.

Renaissance Fusion imageStartup

Renaissance Fusion is a French-Italian company building a stellarator with laser-engraved high-temperature superconductor magnets and liqui…

Zephyr Fusion imageStartup

Zephyr Fusion is a San Diego startup (Y Combinator Fall 2025) developing compact megawatt-class dipole magnetic confinement fusion reactors…

Jupiter Volta imageStartup

Jupiter Volta is a plasma platform company whose Plasma Forge serves industrial nitrate production today and a fusion division targeting a…

Morton Labs imageStartup

Chicago simulation orchestration platform connecting physics codes for engineering decisions, currently focused on fusion with fission and…

Startup

Neo Fusion

Neo Fusion is a Hefei fusion company founded in May 2023 and associated with the BEST tokamak project.

Startup

NovaFusionX

NovaFusionX is a Shanghai fusion startup pursuing a field-reversed configuration concept for distributed power.

Pulsar Fusion imageStartup

Pulsar Fusion is a UK aerospace company building Hall-effect thrusters for satellites and researching fusion approaches to space propulsion.

StarWarden imageStartup

Dutch company developing 3D-printed heat pipe arrays for extreme heat loads in fusion divertors and next-generation semiconductors.

Startup

SunUp Fusion

SunUp Fusion (Dongsheng Fusion) is a Fudan University spinout pursuing a tokamak with deuterium-helium-3 fuel and high-field magnets.

Startup

Xeonova

Xeonova is a Hefei fusion startup developing field-reversed configuration devices with AI-driven digital twins.

Xtus Energy imageStartup

Xtus Energy, based in Santa Fe, New Mexico, has been listed as pursuing fusion commercialization by drawing on fossil fuel industry infrast…

Startup

YAN Fusion

YAN Fusion is a Shanghai stellarator company that built a production line for three-dimensional superconducting stellarator magnets.

Associations and field builders 24

American Fusion Project imageNonprofit Ecosystem Builder

Washington, D.C. educational organization that informs policymakers and the public about accelerating fusion energy, with a newsletter and…

Fiat Lux imageStartup Service Provider

Computational plasma physics research and consulting firm focused on fusion, including extended MHD modeling and disruption mitigation.

FuseNet Association imageNonprofit Ecosystem Builder

European fusion education network founded in 2010 that coordinates fusion education across universities, research institutes and industry m…

Nonprofit Ecosystem Builder

Geneva nonprofit that educates professionals and the public about fusion-based electricity generation and aims to build a small spherical t…

Fusion Europe imageTrade Organization

Brussels-based industrial association of 40+ private organizations advancing fusion energy in Europe.

Show all 24 associations and field builders
Helixos imageStartup Service Provider

Strategy, communications and technical advisory for nuclear and fusion

Module 12 imageStartup Service Provider

Economics-first fusion commercialization advisory

Oxford Sigma imageStartup Service Provider

Fusion materials and power plant design

Pro-Fusion imageTrade Organization

German fusion industry association of technology developers, suppliers, startups and industrial partners, founded in 2024.

The Fusion Cluster imageTrade Organization

UK-based community connecting 100+ academic, industry and government organizations working on fusion, with a newsletter and content hub.

Women in Fusion imageCommunity

Global nonprofit network promoting women in fusion science and technology, formed after the IAEA Fusion Energy Conference in 2021.

American Physical Society imageNonprofit Ecosystem Builder

Professional society for physicists. Its Division of Plasma Physics runs the annual APS DPP meeting, a major venue for fusion and plasma re…

Atled Engineering imageStartup Service Provider

Abingdon consultancy providing electromagnetic and thermal modeling of HTS devices such as REBCO coils, quench and AC losses.

Nonprofit Ecosystem Builder

Centre for Fusion Energy

Public-private fusion hub in Pickering, Ontario, backed by the Governments of Canada and Ontario, AECL, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Onta…

European Physical Society imageNonprofit Ecosystem Builder

Federation of European physical societies. Its Plasma Physics Division runs the annual EPS Conference on Plasma Physics, a core venue for E…

ORAU imageCommunity

Integrating academia, government, and industry for national priorities.

Media and analysis 5

Media Publication

Documentary film and video project about fusion energy, published on YouTube.

The Fusion Conclusion imageMedia Publication

Independent fusion industry publication by CFS co-founder Dan Brunner, with Fusion Fortnightly news roundups and Claim Check fact-checks.

The Fusion Report imageMedia Publication

Publication on the business of fusion energy from market analyst Ignition Research, with a weekly news roundup on Substack.

Other organizations 17

Fusion Energy Base imageResearch Data Provider

The information hub for the fusion energy industry

FusionX Group imageCapital Platform

Connecting capital with fusion energy investments.

Show all 17 other organizations
ACELOCAL LIMITED imageOther

Research and design in electronic instrumentation and high voltage systems.

Fujikura imageOther

Japanese electrical equipment manufacturer that produces REBCO high-temperature superconducting tape used in fusion magnets.

General Atomics imageOther

General Atomics is a diversified defense and energy company that operates the DIII-D National Fusion Facility for DOE.

Kinectrics imageOther

Canadian nuclear engineering, testing and services company, an affiliate member of the Fusion Industry Association.

RTC Engineering imageOther

Specialized engineering and manufacturing services for high-tech sectors.

Tyne Engineering imageOther

Canadian engineering firm providing tritium handling, separation and management systems for nuclear power, fusion and other industries.

Veolia Nuclear Solutions imageOther

Veolia unit that delivers remote handling and bespoke machinery for high-hazard nuclear environments, including fusion.

The names to know

People shaping the field

Showing 24 of 190

Person

Adlai Smith

Person

Andrea Augieri

Person

Andrew Holland

Person

Andrew W. Lo

Person

Ángel Ibarra

Person

Antonio Vergara

Person

Asher Hopp

Person

Benj Conway

Person

Bob Mumgaard

Person

Brian Berzin

Person

Brian Riordan

Person

Carlos Paz-Soldan

Person

Carlos Romero-Talamas

Person

Caroline Anderson

Person

Charlie Jarrott

Person

Chen Rui

Where the field meets

Events and conferences

Upcoming events 14

Conference series 13

Earlier and undated events 12

Showing 12 of 12

Event

Third Nordic Fusion Forum, convening policymakers, industry, researchers and investors on building a Nordic fusion ecosystem. Organized by…

Event

Fusion for Energy workshop on reliability, availability, maintainability and inspectability for fusion power plants. Online kick-off on Oct…

Event

Annual FuseNet gathering for PhD students in fusion science and engineering, with a visit to the ENEA Frascati research center, future home…

Event

Half-day FusionX summit connecting investors, innovators and partners around capital, capability and critical minerals in fusion across Aus…

Event

Industry conference for senior fusion leaders on funding, policy, technology, supply chain and commercialization.

Event

Free, hybrid UKAEA workshop on fusion exhaust code development across device types, with keynotes, panels, contributed and lightning talks…

Event

FusionX Asia-Pacific fusion conference: a Fusion School day at SGInnovate, the main conference at Matrix, Biopolis, and a networking tour a…

Money and ways in

Programs and funding

Programs and fellowships 32

Other funding opportunities 9

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