Carbon Markets & Carbon Tech

Satellite monitoring verifies forest and land-use carbon projects. MRV (Measurement, Reporting, and Verification) platforms track project performance. Carbon credit registries maintain ledgers of issuance, transfer, and retirement. AI analyzes project data for quality assessment. Blockchain provides transparent, tamper-proof credit tracking.

Corporate buyers purchase credits to offset unavoidable emissions. Compliance markets (EU ETS) require emitters to surrender allowances matching their emissions. Carbon credit rating agencies assess project quality for institutional buyers. Carbon removal companies sell verified removal certificates to corporate buyers.

Compliance carbon markets exceeded $900 billion in transaction value (EU ETS alone reached $750B+ in 2024). The voluntary carbon market was approximately $2 billion. Carbon removal credits represent a small but fast-growing segment.